Volume II
2008
Issue 1
REGULATORY REFORM OF THE BRAZILIAN AIRLINE MARKET: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS ON COMPETITION
André de Carvalho Busto
Frederico Araújo Turolla
Alessandro Vinícius Marques de Oliveira
Abstract
This study aims to develop a competition model for a relevant subset of the Brazilian airline industry: the air shuttle market of Rio de Janeiro – São Paulo route, a pioneer service created in 1959. The competition model presented here contains elements of both vertical product differentiation and representative consumer. We also use the conduct parameter approach to infer about the behavior of airlines in the market, under three situations: a quasi-deregulation process (from 1998 on), two price-war events (1998 and 2001), and a shock in costs, due to the currency devaluation (1999). Results permitted making inference on the impacts of liberalization on competition, and investigating an alleged collusive behavior in 1999.
[Full-Text PDF132.79 KB]
PARAMETERS FOR DIMENSIONING CAR PARKING LOTS AT BRAZILIAN AIRPORTS
Lenise Grando Goldner
David Esteche Pedrozo
Nilton Goldner
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate car parking lots at Brazilian airports. In order to reach this goal, a wide range of data was colleted at Hercílio Luz airport, located in Florianópolis (state of Santa Catarina), and at Salgado Filho airport, located in Porto Alegre (state of Rio Grande do Sul). The data analyzed tackled the different types of parking lots available, the parking lot users’ profile, the length of staying in a parking spot, and the parking occupation rates. For a global sample of 26 airports administered by INFRAERO (the Brazilian Airport Infrastructure Authority), a linear regression model was proposed, which provides the number of cars using the parking lot per year, per month, as well as the busiest day in relation to the corresponding number of embarking and disembarking passengers at the airport. This information allows transportation planners to estimate the number of parking stalls required at Brazilian airports when being expanded or built.
A LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE FOR DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT IN AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Ítalo Romani de Oliveira
Paulo Sérgio Cugnasca
Fábio Aparecido Gamarra Lubacheski
Liria Matsumoto Sato
Mário Aparecido Correa
João Batista Camargo Júnior
Eno Siewerdt
Abstract
In the current scenario of growing demand concerning Air Traffic Control Sectors and airports, decisions about air traffic management (ATM) and individual aircraft control are based on information provided by messages of several specific computer applications. A better general performance in exploiting the air transportation resources is achieved when information, from all applications, is available in order to take a single decision, in collaborative operations, and decisions are made public for all involved participants. This way of making decisions can be more efficient and stable when supported by safe, high performance and highly available computer networks, message handlers, and databases. This study proposes the multi-agent approach for decision-making, where agents use a proper message system and distributed database architecture. Finally, a case study is presented, in which we evaluate fuel savings that may be provided by a collaborative decision-making approach.
MULTI-AGENTS SYSTEM BY GRID COMPUTING FOR REAL TIME TRAFFIC SYNCHRONIZATION
Li Weigang
Marcos Vinicius Pinheiro Dib
Alba Cristina Magalhães Alves de Melo
Claudio Jorge Pinto Alves
Abstract
This study presents a new solution for the Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) problem. Its main objective is to improve computational efficiency for ATFM by combing grid computing with multi-agent coordination techniques. ATFM in Grid Computing (ATFMGC) was proposed to balance the communication among Multi-Agents, in ATFM for grid computing environments, in order to deal with synchronization problems. The function of the agents, their knowledge representation and inference processes were discussed, as well as the grid architecture, in which the agents execute it, was described to demonstrate the developed model. Also, a metric criterion called Standard of Balancing among Agents (SBA) was used as a basic index to measure the effectiveness of reducing the amount of communication among agents, and the delay of flights. The simulation results show the efficiency of the developed model, and its successful application in a case study.
Issue 2
Correspondence Analysis in Examination of Reasons for Flight Schedule Perturbations
Mira Paskota
Obrad Babić
Abstract
This paper presents the results of analysis of reasons for flight schedule perturbations and the possibilities of their elimination. Correspondence analysis was used for statistical analysis on the JAT Airways database for reasons for departure delays and their length. There was indication of positive correlation between the reasons and the delays. But for more detailed insight into the relationship between departure delay length and their reasons, as well as the likelihood of their elimination, more homogenous data analysis was necessary (e.g. domestic flights, flights from Belgrade etc). After the proposed database analysis was completed it was concluded that there are some reasons for short departure delays (up to 45 minutes) which are the consequence of the JAT airline omissions. The number of these flight delays is considerable and they can produce serious flight schedule perturbations which could be eliminated with relatively ease by correcting these airline omissions.
Air Traffic Service Management Based on Collaborative Agents and Passenger Delay Criteria
Fábio Silva Carvalho
Leonardo Mayeda
Ítalo Romani de Oliveira
Paulo Sérgio Cugnasca
Liria Matsumoto Sato
Abstract
The management of Air Traffic Service (ATS), done for independent operators of diverse air companies, uses several computational systems to allow aircraft identification and flight monitoring. These systems provide levels of efficiency and satisfaction considered reliable. However, not much has been done in order to improve the ATS systems when it comes to the specific needs of each passenger, for example, to prevent losses of connection of flights generated for delays, or even to compensate delays. The CDM (Collaborative Decision Making) concept, which allows the air company to participate in traffic management, provides a better quality of service to meet the necessities of the passengers. This work describes a use case of the CDM concept, presenting diverse elements of an efficient computational infrastructure for this application.
Dark Clouds Ahead to the Brazilian Airport System
Betânia Gonçalves de Carvalho
Cláudio Jorge Pinto Alves
Abstract
This article establishes a relationship between the required capacity for the forecast demand to 2015 and the installed capacity of the twenty largest Brazilian airports. This capacity was estimated using current available techniques in the literature. These techniques are been used for organizations involved with the planning and operation of the airports. The studied airports were the largest ones with respect of the movements of passengers in Brazil. For the analyzed airports, the following factors were taken into consideration: runway system, apron system and the passenger terminal building complex. This analysis is focused on the areas where INFRAERO is planning expansion works or planning phases. The observed results show us mainly a critical situation to the passenger terminal buildings system.
Trends in European Airline Markets: Competition, Concentration and Strategic Behaviour
Cristina Barbot
Abstract
Alamdari and Mason (2006) present a scenario for the European Airlines industry structure for 2010-2015. This scenario displays a high market concentration both in the LCC (low cost carriers) segment and the FSC (full service carriers) segment and goes against what had been intended in terms of deregulation. This paper analyses possible paths towards such a scenario, by means of theoretical considerations and recent trends in several European airlines, and with focus on the strategic behavior of LCCs and its implications to market concentration. We analyze the role of Portuguese and Brazilian airlines in the context of the referred scenario. We conclude that concentration in the low cost segment is more likely to occur than in the large network carriers segment.
Risk Analysis of Airborne Spacing in Approach Sequencing
Ítalo Romani de Oliveira
Renato Matuzaki Honda
Paulo Sérgio Cugnasca
Abstract
The airspace capacity in Terminal Movement Areas (TMAs) may increase considerably with the use of airborne spacing operations. Under this paradigm, the task of maintaining spacing to a leading aircraft in a sequence is delegated to the flight crew, aided by the Airborne Separation Assistance System (ASAS) as an automation tool. The capacity increase is a consequence of the more accurate spacing between aircraft obtained with Time-Based Spacing, shown in many studies, as well as a lower Tactical Air Traffic Controller workload. The adoption of the new automation tools in this scenario, however, might bring unexpected emerging behavior, due to the combination of diverse local subsystems state changes. This study evaluates an estimated collision probability based on the TOPAZ (Traffic Organization and Perturbation AnalyZer) methodology, which includes mathematical techniques such as Dynamical Colored Petri Nets and Monte Carlo Simulation, and compares the results obtained with the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) Target Level of Safety.
The Viability of Air Transportation for Perishable Agricultural Produce
Luiz Antonio Tozi
Carlos Muller
Abstract
This paper evaluates the viability of air transportation for perishable agricultural products. In recent years, fruit has been the major perishable group of agricultural products to use this export option in Brazil, particularly the papaya. The focus of this research, then, will be the assessment of the production and the logistical processes involved the evaluation of the demand and the estimation of the availability of air cargo transportation for the papaya exports. Finally, this paper analyses the obstacles from the exporters’ standpoint that hamper the growth of air cargo exports of the Brazilian papaya.
Official Website: http://www.pcs.usp.br/~gas/jbats/
